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With the rapid development of automotive electronics, sensor technology, computer technology, automotive electronic control technology is more mature and perfect, has been widely used in vehicles, many electronic devices have become its standard configuration or optional put aside. Modern automobiles in order to improve automotive dynamics, economy, safety, comfort, and reduce exhaust emission pollution and the extensive use of automotive electronic control technology. Automotive electronic control technology is an important trend and symbol of the development of modern automotive technology, from the engine fuel injection, ignition control, air intake control, emission control, self-diagnostic fault diagnosis to the chassis transmission system, steering and braking system, as well as the bodywork, auxiliary equipment and so on are widely used in the automotive electronic control technology.
We understand the application of automotive electronic control technology in automobiles from three aspects: the superiority of automotive electronic control technology, the composition of automotive electronic control systems, and the application of automotive electronic control technology in automotive electronic control systems.
First, the application of vehicle electronic control technology advantages
Reduce vehicle repair time: self-diagnosis system
Fuel saving: electronic control of ignition devices, electronic control of gasoline injection and mixture concentration control devices, closed-cylinder control fuel saving devices, idle control, exhaust gas recirculation control, vibration control
Reduction of air pollution: sensor-controlled engine air-fuel ratio closed-loop control system
Reducing traffic accidents: Electronic devices to prevent drink driving and driver drowsiness, electronic devices to check human mental state and reaction time, electronically controlled anti-skid devices, intelligent driver information systems, alarm devices for major vehicle parameters and airbags.
Improvement of ride comfort: smoothness, noise control, air temperature and humidity regulation and occupancy control.
Second, the application of automotive electronic control technology system electronic components
Detection and echo unit:
The function is to detect the controlled parameters or other intermediate variables through various sensors,and then use them to display or as echo signals after amplification and conversion.
Command and Signal Processing Unit:
Accepts random commands or fixed-value or programmed commands from the human-machine dialogue,as well as echo signals, and generally has processing functions such as signal comparison, conversion, arithmetic, and logic. The traditional command and signal processing unit mostly uses analogue circuits. With the development of microelectronics and computer technology, the engineering control system provides the possibility of using digital computer command and signal processing unit. The command and signal processing units used in automobiles are mostly microprocessors.
Conversion and amplification unit:
The function is to convert and linearly amplify the command signals according to different channels, so that the amplified power is sufficient to control the actuator and drive the controlled object.
Actuator:
Actuator directly drive the controlled object parts, can be electromagnetic components, such as electromagnets, motors, etc.; can also be hydraulic or pneumatic components, such as hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders and motors. In order to make the driving characteristics and the load characteristics of the controlled object to match each other, can also be attached to the variable speed mechanism, such as hydraulic motor and planetary gear transmission combination.
Power sources: Provide energy for the units, usually including electric power sources and fluid power sources.
Automotive Electronic Control Systems
Third, the vehicle electronic control technology of the vehicle electronic control system
Engine and power transmission centralised control system: including engine centralised control system, automatic transmission control system, brake anti-lock and traction control system, etc.; electronically controlled ignition device (ESA), electronically controlled petrol injection (EFI), exhaust gas recirculation control (EGR), idle speed control (ISC).
Integrated chassis control and safety systems: Vehicle stability control system, active body attitude control system, cruise control system, collision avoidance warning system, driver intelligence support system, etc.; electronically controlled automatic transmission (ECT), brake antilock braking (ABS), traction control (TCS), anti-slip drive (ASR) and vehicle stability control system (VSC), electronically controlled suspension (TEMS),cruise control system (CSC),cruise control system (CSC), cruise control system (CSC). ), cruise control system (CCS), airbags (SRS), radar collision avoidance system, anti-skid control system (ASR), seat belt control system, headlight control system.
Intelligent Body Electronic System:Self-adjusting Seat System, Intelligent Headlight System, Night Vision System, Electronic Door Lock and Anti-theft System, etc;
Communication and Information/Entertainment System:Intelligent vehicle navigation system, voice recognition system, ‘ON STAR’ system (with automatic call for help and enquiry functions), vehicle maintenance data transmission system, car audio system, real-time traffic information consultation system,dynamic vehicle tracking and management system,information technology service system (with network), etc. Information display and alarm system, language information system, vehicle navigation system and positioning system, communication system.
With the development of automotive electronic control technology and the introduction, digestion and absorption of foreign advanced technology, the standard of automotive electronic control technology has been greatly improved. Transistor technology, especially integrated circuits (IC) and large-scale integrated circuits (LSI) and very large-scale integrated circuits (VLSI) development,so that the transition of electronic components to the function of the block and microcomputer, and rapidly promote the development of automotive electronic control technology. Embedded systems,local area network CAN (Controller Area Network) and data bus DB (Data Bus) technology has matured so that the original single-project automotive electronic control system has developed into a multi-functional integrated control system.Networking is the future direction of vehicle development,that is,the integration of engine control, chassis control, body electronic control, as well as safety, communication,entertainment, etc. in one network car.