sales@ipcb.com
I. Several main factors affecting the cost of a PCB board
PCB cost has always been a confusing thing for many buyers. Many people will wonder how these prices are calculated when placing an order. Below, iPCB will discuss some factors that make up the PCB cost.
1. The price difference caused by different materials of PCB Take ordinary double-sided boards as an example. The main board material is FR4 (Shengyi, Jiantao, Guoji, three prices from top to bottom), the board thickness ranges from 0.2mm to 3.0mm, and the copper thickness ranges from 0.5oz to 3oz. PCB has caused huge price differences in these board materials; in terms of solder mask ink, there is also a certain price difference between ordinary thermosetting oil and photosensitive green oil.
2. The price difference caused by different PCB surface processes
Common ones are: OSP (anti-oxidation), HASL, Lead-Free HASL, gold plating, immersion gold, and some complex processes, etc.; the more the previous production process is, the more expensive it is.
PCB Cost
3. Different PCB design standards cause price differences
There are 800 holes on both PCBs. If the hole diameter of one board is greater than 0.2mm and the hole diameter of the other board is less than 0.2mm, it will also cause different drilling costs. If the other two PCBs are the same, but the line width and line spacing are different, one is greater than 4mil and the other is less than 4mil, it will also cause different production costs. There are also some designs with different process flows from the ordinary ones that also charge extra fees, such as keypads, carbon printing oil, half holes, buried blind holes, and disk holes.
4. Different PCB copper foil thickness causes price differences
The commonly used copper foil thicknesses are: 18um (1/2OZ), 35um (1OZ), 70um (2OZ), 105um (3OZ), 140um (4OZ), etc. The thicker the copper foil, the more expensive it is.
5. The quality acceptance standards commonly used by customers are: IPC2, IPC3, enterprise standards, military standards, etc. The higher the standard, the higher the price.
6. Mold fee and test rack
1) Mold fee: For prototypes and small batches, the board factory generally adopts drilling and milling, and will not charge additional milling fees. When doing mass production, it is required to open a mold to punch the board, which improves efficiency and reduces production costs. The cost of a set of molds is about 800.
2) Test fee: Prototypes generally use flying probe testing, which is generally free for board factories now; batches require test racks to improve efficiency, which will reduce production costs at the same time. The general quotation for test racks is about 1200.
7. Different payment methods will also cause price differences
The payment method with a shorter arrival time will have a lower price, such as cash payment.
8. Order quantity/delivery period
1) Order quantity: The smaller the quantity, the more expensive the price will be, because even if it is 1pcs, the board factory must prepare engineering materials and produce films, and no process is missing.
2) Delivery period: Short production time for the factory will also increase production costs.
3) The production data for the PCB factory must be complete (GERBER file, number of board layers, board material, board thickness, surface treatment process, solder mask color, silk screen color and some special requirements (blind buried vias and resin plugged vias, impedance control, etc.) must be clearly written)
From the above discussion, it can be seen that the diversity of PCB processing prices is caused by many inevitable factors; here we can provide a rough reference price range, and the specific price is of course directly related to iPCB.
II. Quotation of various factors
The following is a set of PCB valuation formulas (i.e., board utilization method):
Based on 1 square meter board, its size is 1020mm*1020mm
Assume that the length of the PCB to be estimated is L and the width is H. Then the number of materials that can be produced per square meter is (1020/L+5)*(1020/H+5)=Z (i.e., the number of layouts), Unit price =X/Z
X is the following price:
Material price:
1 layer FR-1 per square meter (including processing fee): 130 ?RMB
2 layers FR-4 per square meter (including processing fee): 420 ?RMB
3 layers FR-4 per square meter (including processing fee): 720 ?RMB
6 layers FR-4 per square meter (including processing fee): 1200RMB
8 layers FR-4 per square meter (including processing fee): 1800RMB
10 layers FR-4 per square meter (including processing fee): 3500RMB
12 layers of FR-4 per square meter (including processing fee): 5500RMB
Number of board layers:
Price of two-layer board once = (length * width * 0.12 * quantity + length * width * 0.12 * 4 + 80) / quantity
Price of two-layer board twice = (length * width * 0.12 * quantity + 80) / quantity
Price of four-layer board once = (length * width * 0.6 * quantity + length * width * 0.12 * 6 + 1500 + 300) / quantity
Price of four-layer board twice = (length * width * 0.6 * quantity + 300) / quantity
Price of six-layer board once = (length * width * 0.8 * quantity + length * width * 0.12 * 8 + 1800 + 300) / quantity
Price of six-layer board twice = (length * width * 0.8 * quantity + 300) / quantity
PCB price estimation: PCB is calculated by multiplying the area of the board by the following unit price, which can be used for your reference. Most of the cases are like this. If there are more, go to the manufacturer to talk.
Process:
Single-sided tin spraying: 0.035/square meter
Double-sided tin spraying: 0.45/square meter for thickness above 1.2, 0.41/square meter for thickness below 1.2
Double-sided gold plating: 0.48/square meter for thickness above 1.6, 0.45/square meter for thickness below 1.6
In addition to the prices of the above production processes, the following are some components of the PCB production cost accounting table:
1. Material cost: List all material costs used to produce PCBs, including plates, copper foil, chemicals, etc.
2. Labor cost: Record direct labor costs, such as operators, technicians, etc.
3. Manufacturing expenses: Including indirect labor costs, equipment depreciation, maintenance costs, energy costs, etc.
4. Quality control costs: Costs involving testing, inspection and rework.
5. R&D design costs: Design costs for developing new products or improving existing products.
6. Logistics and warehousing costs: Including material storage, finished product storage and transportation costs.
PCB cost include sample and batch PCB quotations
The delivery time of ordinary sample PCBs depends on the number of layers. Single-sided PCBs usually take 1 day, double-sided PCBs usually take 2 days, and multi-layer PCBs take several days to ten days.
The unit price of small PCBs is much higher than that of large PCBs. For example, the price of double-sided 1.6MM PCBs in large quantities is 450 yuan/square meter. You can consult the official email of iPCB immediately, and we will reply within half an hour.